Better air quality in
the house standard
Not just gravitational. In newly built houses, standard and
unfortunately quite unreliable, because depending on weather conditions,
gravitational ventilation is more and more often replaced by more effective
mechanical ventilation: exhaust or supply and exhaust. Ventilation for energy efficiency. Modern solutions such as mechanical
ventilation with heat recovery not only ensure a constant supply of fresh air
to the house, but also guarantee a reduction in home heating expenses.
Cooling the air. Care for the right quality of air and
the comfort of household members more and more often prompts investors to apply
solutions that until recently were considered to be luxurious and extravagant. I am talking about air conditioners,
which are also increasingly used in newly built homes.
GRAVITATION VENTILATION
The most important
element of gravity (natural) ventilation is ventilation ducts. As a result of the natural buoyancy
force caused by the difference in temperatures inside and outside the building,
a chimney draft is created in them. Thanks
to it, the used air flows out of the house through ventilation ducts, and in
its place flows fresh - through ventilators mounted on the windows, less
frequently in the walls. In order
for gravity ventilation to work efficiently, ventilation ducts should be 3 m high
(measured from the inlet to the duct, i.e. the ventilation grille, to the
outlet above the roof). They
should be in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet, rooms without windows (eg in the
dressing room) and in rooms on the upper floor of the house. In all rooms, often also in the
kitchen, it is necessary to provide outdoor air supply through diffusers. The total amount of air supplied to
the house must be equal to the amount of air removed by exhaust ducts.
Because gravitational
ventilation can also be annoying in winter, when the stream of cool air flowing
into the house causes drafts, it is worth using diffusers with automatic
regulation of the aperture, eg hygroscors, which react to changes in air
humidity in the room (its increase indicates air pollution). Such diffusers have a polyamide tape,
which under the influence of changes in humidity in the air, depending on the
need, opens the shutter and increases the air flow or closes it, thus reducing
the flow of air flowing into the house. Thanks
to this, the humidity-sensitive ventilators adjust the amount of air supplied
to the current needs, and the rooms are not excessively chilled.
Correct ventilation in
the bathroom is supported by ventilation openings located in the lower part of
the door leaf.
PATH OF ENERGY SAVING
Ventilation with heat
recovery
The most
energy-efficient solution is mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation with
heat recovery. In this case, both
the inflow and removal of air from the house takes place mechanically. The main element of mechanical
ventilation with heat recovery is a ventilation unit called a recuperator. The air sucked in by the intake air
flows into the recuperator through the supply ducts, where it is heated by the
heat received by the central unit from the used air removed from the home. As a result, the air is already heated
in through the air ducts. This
solution allows you to eliminate cold drafts, because it uses the heat
recovered, for which you do not have to pay. Ventilation
with recuperation allows you to reduce the heating costs of your home. For mechanical ventilation with heat
recovery to work efficiently, all partitions in the house as well as external
windows and doors must be sealed. The
used air is removed from the house by a special launcher, which is usually
placed in the building's wall. The
recuperators are also equipped with air filters, thanks to which purified air
flows into the house.
Cool summer air - lower
energy bills
MECHANICAL VENTILATION
To avoid problems with
gravitational ventilation, which is often stopped in the summer, it is worth
choosing mechanical ventilation. Its
operation is based on the automatic forced air circulation in the home. As a result, fresh air flows into the
interior regularly and the used air is constantly removed regardless of the
conditions inside and outside. The
decision to apply mechanical ventilation at the design stage of the house also
allows to abandon the construction of ventilation ducts, which significantly
reduces the cost of its construction. Mechanical
ventilation is based on the operation of fans that force air movement. The simplest type of such ventilation
is exhaust ventilation. In this
case, fresh air flows into the interior through diffusers, while it is
extracted by special fans. The
inflow of fresh air is constant, because the work of the fans creates a slight
vacuum, which stimulates circulation. The
best solution is to use one central exhaust fan. It draws air from several rooms
connected to it. The used air is
sucked in with exhaust grilles connected to the fan by means of spiro-type
rigid ventilation ducts and removed outside the house by means of an exhaust
connection.
AIR CONDITIONING
To ensure the optimum
summer temperature at home, air-conditioning units are installed in it. The most commonly used solution is the
assembly of split air conditioners. They
consist of two thin tubes connected together - internal and external. The task of the outdoor unit is to
discharge heat outside the building. It
is usually mounted on the outside wall of the house or on the roof.The indoor
unit is used to cool the air in the interior - it is usually installed on a
wall inside the room, under the ceiling. Such
modern air conditioners are equipped with special air filters that take care of
its proper quality, and sensors detecting in the room the presence of a human
being. Thanks to them, you can
adjust the operation of the device to current needs and reduce the energy
consumption of the air conditioner.
Monobloc air
conditioners are also available, in which all the necessary elements are
integrated in one housing. They
can be stationary air conditioners, which are mounted in a window or in an
external wall, or portable - they are placed in the home, and warm air is
carried away by a flexible cable, which is exposed, for example, through a
window.
